Post-behavioural Science era

In the view of Murphy, three interrelated concepts form the development of the next era of the profession, that is the post behavioural science era. They are

• School improvement
• Democratic community and
• Social justice

School improvement

•  Clarifying purpose
•   Encouraging collective learning
•   Aligning with state standards
•   Providing support
•   Making data-driven decisions

Clarifying purpose:

                - accountable for student learning

- public inspection and direct measurement

- professional communities to channel staff and student efforts

Encouraging collective learning:

- collective expectation among teachers

- supportive condition

Aligning with state standards:

- construct better tests

- test reasoning and critical thinking

Providing support:

- training

- teaching tools

- support teachers needed

Making data –driven decisions:

- the availability of performance data connected to each student

- the public nature of measurement

- the specifically targeted assistance for low-performing schools

Democratic community

Based on the open flow of ideas that enables people to be as fully informed as possible

It involves the use of critical analysis to evaluate ideas, problems and policies.

It places responsibility on individuals to participate in open inquiry, collective choices and actions in the interest of the common good.

Social Justice

It is the core of democracy in which every citizen is treated equally in social, economic, political and educational areas.

 Excellence  and equity are related to social justice.